摘要:
以聚苯乙烯微球为模板,采用种子-生长法在聚苯乙烯微球表面镀覆金球壳层,以不同浓度旋涂分散在阴极衬底上,热处理去除聚苯乙烯模板,初步制备出表面具有金球壳结构的反射式金阴极样品,通过金相显微镜和扫描电镜研究其表面形貌,结果表明：阴极表面球壳的直径约为10μm,高温去除聚苯乙烯微球模板后金沉积层具有良好的自支撑性,球壳厚度约70—90 nm,球壳表面主要由30—60 nm的晶粒突起组成。 X射线光电发射测试表明,反射式球壳结构阴极在200—1500 eV波段光电效率相对于平面薄膜阴极有明显提升,其量子效率可达到平面阴极的3倍以上,理论分析表明：球壳结构阴极特殊的表面结构引起光电发射面积的增大和表面势垒的降低,是阴极光电发射效率提高的主要原因。
Abstract:
Gold spherical shell photocathode was prepared by seed-mediated growth on polystyrene template and dispersed on the aluminum substrates by spin-coating procedure. Polystyrene template was then removed by heat treatment. SEM surface morphology shows that Au spherical shell of ～10 μm in diameter can be self-supported after polystyrene substrate is removed. The thickness of Au shell is about 70–90 nm and the grain size on the surface is about 30–60 nm. X-ray photoemission characteristics of Au reflection photocathodes in the 400–1400 eV photon energy region are obtained, indicating that the Au shell photocathodes can emit 3 times more photoelectrons than the plane Au photocathode;this results from the special surface morphology of Au spherical shell and the reduction of surface potential.
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