新型人工光学结构——莫尔光子晶体及器件
New artificial optical structures——Moiré photonic crystals and applications
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摘要:
当两个周期或取向轻微失配的周期性结构相互叠加时,会在空间形成比原有周期更大的超晶格,即莫尔图案。在凝聚态物理中,已被证明这是实现平带与强关联量子态的重要手段。近年来,这一思想被引入光学体系,催生了莫尔光子晶体这一新型人工光学结构。通过层间失配、相对扭转或周期微扰,莫尔光子晶体能够在保持整体空间对称性的同时显著抑制光子动能,形成近乎无色散的光学平带,并在实空间实现强烈的光场局域。文章将系统综述莫尔光子晶体的形成及平带物理,并进一步介绍二维和一维莫尔光子晶体,及莫尔光子学在腔量子电动力学系统、低阈值纳米激光器、极化激元凝聚以及非线性光学过程增强等方面的前沿进展。
Abstract:The Moiré phenomenon refers to the formation of a superlattice with a larger period in space when two periodic structures with slightly mismatched periods or orientations are superimposed, resulting in a Moiré pattern. In condensed matter physics, it has been demonstrated as a crucial means for realizing flat-band and strongly correlated quantum states. Recently, this concept has been extended to optical systems, generating a new class of engineered optical structures: Moiré photonic crystals. Through interlayer mismatch, relative twist, or periodic perturbations, these structures can significantly suppress photon kinetic energy while preserving overall spatial symmetry. This leads to the formation of nearly dispersionless optical flat bands and enables strong light field localization in real space. This paper provides a review of the formation and flat band physics of such photonic crystals, and also outlines recent advances in the application of Moiré photonics to cavity quantum electrodynamics systems, low-threshold nanolasers, polariton condensation, and the enhancement of nonlinear optical processes.
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Key words:
- Moiré photonic crystal /
- Moiré superlattice /
- flat band .
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