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胡忠军. 2026: 氦工业形势与发展, 物理, 55(4): 268-273. doi: 10.7693/wl20260406
引用本文: 胡忠军. 2026: 氦工业形势与发展, 物理, 55(4): 268-273. doi: 10.7693/wl20260406
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HU Zhong-Jun. 2026: The helium industry and its future development, Physics, 55(4): 268-273. doi: 10.7693/wl20260406
Citation: HU Zhong-Jun. 2026: The helium industry and its future development, Physics, 55(4): 268-273. doi: 10.7693/wl20260406
shu

氦工业形势与发展

  • 中国科学院理化技术研究所 北京 100190

    • 通讯作者: 胡忠军,email:zjhu@mail.ipc.ac.cn

The helium industry and its future development

  • Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

    • Corresponding author: HU Zhong-Jun, zjhu@mail.ipc.ac.cn

  • 摘要: 氦作为不可再生的稀缺资源，对其气藏特征、资源分布、回收的研究具有重要的学术价值和工程意义。又因其具有独特的低温物理特性，氦在航天、半导体制造、超导技术、医疗成像等高新技术领域具有不可替代的支撑作用。文章梳理氦气的基础属性与资源价值，分析全球氦气资源的分布特征、储量格局与供需现状、应用场景及发展水平。基于世界氦工业的发展历程与技术突破，还探讨了当前世界范围内氦产业面临的供需缺口扩大、低丰度提氦能耗高等亟待突破的瓶颈问题。结合氦资源的不可替代性与战略重要性，简要介绍了加大低品位资源开发、推广氦气回收再利用、强化资源勘探、建立战略储备体系等未来发展方向，为支撑科学研究与高新技术产业可持续发展提供参考。
    Abstract: Helium is a non-renewable and scarce strategic resource, so investigations into its reservoir characteristics, resource distribution and extraction technologies hold profound academic value and practical engineering significance. Owing to its unique cryogenic physical properties, helium serves as an irreplaceable foundational support in cutting-edge high-tech fields including aerospace engineering, semiconductor fabrication, superconducting technology, and medical imaging. This paper reviews the basic properties and resource value of helium, with an in-depth analysis of the distribution, reserve structure and supply-demand status quo of global helium resources. Based on the evolution and technological breakthroughs of the global helium industry, this study further explores the critical bottlenecks confronting the current industry that demand urgent solutions, such as the continuously expanding supply-demand gap, and high energy consumption associated with helium extraction from low-abundance gas reservoirs. In light of the irreplaceability and strategic importance of helium resources, future development directions are proposed, including ramping up exploitation of low-content resources, expanding helium recovery and recycling technologies, strengthening geological exploration of new resources, and establishing a strategic helium reserve system. This work is anticipated to provide theoretical and practical guidance for sustaining the development of scientific research and high-tech industries worldwide.
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  • 收稿日期:  2025-12-20

氦工业形势与发展

    通讯作者: 胡忠军,email:zjhu@mail.ipc.ac.cn
  • 中国科学院理化技术研究所 北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:  2025-12-20

摘要: 氦作为不可再生的稀缺资源，对其气藏特征、资源分布、回收的研究具有重要的学术价值和工程意义。又因其具有独特的低温物理特性，氦在航天、半导体制造、超导技术、医疗成像等高新技术领域具有不可替代的支撑作用。文章梳理氦气的基础属性与资源价值，分析全球氦气资源的分布特征、储量格局与供需现状、应用场景及发展水平。基于世界氦工业的发展历程与技术突破，还探讨了当前世界范围内氦产业面临的供需缺口扩大、低丰度提氦能耗高等亟待突破的瓶颈问题。结合氦资源的不可替代性与战略重要性，简要介绍了加大低品位资源开发、推广氦气回收再利用、强化资源勘探、建立战略储备体系等未来发展方向，为支撑科学研究与高新技术产业可持续发展提供参考。

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