声波之刃——超声治疗原理与应用

苏畅; 齐亭亭

doi:10.7693/wl20260702

物理

声波之刃——超声治疗原理与应用

苏畅, 齐亭亭. 2026: 声波之刃——超声治疗原理与应用, 物理, 55(7): 459-466. doi: 10.7693/wl20260702

引用本文:

苏畅, 齐亭亭. 2026: 声波之刃——超声治疗原理与应用, 物理, 55(7): 459-466. doi: 10.7693/wl20260702

SU Chang, QI Ting-Ting. 2026: The blade of sound waves：principles and applications of ultrasound therapy, Physics, 55(7): 459-466. doi: 10.7693/wl20260702

Citation:

SU Chang, QI Ting-Ting. 2026: The blade of sound waves：principles and applications of ultrasound therapy, Physics, 55(7): 459-466. doi: 10.7693/wl20260702

声波之刃——超声治疗原理与应用

苏畅^1,2, ,,
齐亭亭¹

1 中国科学院声学研究所北京 100190;
2 中国科学院大学物理科学学院北京 101408

通讯作者: 苏畅，email:suchang@mail.ioa.ac.cn;

The blade of sound waves：principles and applications of ultrasound therapy

SU Chang^1,2, ,,
QI Ting-Ting¹

1 Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

Corresponding author: SU Chang, suchang@mail.ioa.ac.cn ;

摘要: 超声技术正从传统的医学诊断工具蜕变为精准医疗的“声波之刃”。文章简要阐述超声治疗的物理基础与临床应用进展。超声波凭借其独特的传播特性，通过聚焦技术将声能精确汇聚于体内几毫米大小的特定位置，实现非侵入治疗。其作用机制主要基于热效应与机械效应：热效应是通过组织吸收声能转化为热能，导致蛋白质变性与细胞凝固性坏死；机械效应则是通过声辐射力、空化效应等产生微射流、冲击波等物理作用来破坏病变组织。目前，高强度聚焦超声热消融已实现临床广泛应用，而组织碎化术、神经调控、肿瘤免疫治疗等新兴应用正展现出广阔的发展前景。随着声学工程、材料科学与人工智能技术的深度融合，超声治疗有望突破传统治疗技术的局限，为精准医疗带来革命性突破。
- 超声治疗 /
- 高强度聚焦超声 /
- 热效应 /
- 机械效应 /
- 组织碎化术
Abstract: Ultrasound technology is evolving from a traditional diagnostic tool into the “blade of sound waves”of precision medicine. This article briefly reviews the physical foundations and clinical applications of ultrasound therapy, which utilizes focusing techniques to concentrate acoustic energy at precise locations measuring just a few millimeters in size, enabling non-invasive treatment. Its mechanism is primarily based on thermal and mechanical effects: the former convert absorbed acoustic energy into heat within tissues, leading to protein denaturation and coagulative necrosis of cells; the latter generate physical actions such as microjets and shock waves through acoustic radiation force, cavitation effects, and other phenomena to disrupt pathological tissues. Currently, high-intensity focused ultrasound thermal ablation has achieved widespread clinical application, while emerging developments such as histotripsy, neuromodulation, and tumor immunotherapy are promising future applications. Through the integration of acoustic engineering, materials science, and artificial intelligence technologies, ultrasound therapy is poised to break through the limitations of traditional treatment modalities and bring revolutionary breakthroughs to precision medicine.
- ultrasound therapy /
- high-intensity focused ultrasound /
- thermal effect /
- mechanical effect /
- histotripsy .

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声波之刃——超声治疗原理与应用

苏畅^1,2, ,,
齐亭亭¹

通讯作者: 苏畅，email:suchang@mail.ioa.ac.cn;

1 中国科学院声学研究所北京 100190;
2 中国科学院大学物理科学学院北京 101408

收稿日期: 2026-03-04

关键词:

摘要: 超声技术正从传统的医学诊断工具蜕变为精准医疗的“声波之刃”。文章简要阐述超声治疗的物理基础与临床应用进展。超声波凭借其独特的传播特性，通过聚焦技术将声能精确汇聚于体内几毫米大小的特定位置，实现非侵入治疗。其作用机制主要基于热效应与机械效应：热效应是通过组织吸收声能转化为热能，导致蛋白质变性与细胞凝固性坏死；机械效应则是通过声辐射力、空化效应等产生微射流、冲击波等物理作用来破坏病变组织。目前，高强度聚焦超声热消融已实现临床广泛应用，而组织碎化术、神经调控、肿瘤免疫治疗等新兴应用正展现出广阔的发展前景。随着声学工程、材料科学与人工智能技术的深度融合，超声治疗有望突破传统治疗技术的局限，为精准医疗带来革命性突破。

English Abstract

The blade of sound waves：principles and applications of ultrasound therapy

SU Chang^1,2, ,,
QI Ting-Ting¹

Corresponding author: SU Chang, suchang@mail.ioa.ac.cn ;

1 中国科学院声学研究所北京 100190;
2 中国科学院大学物理科学学院北京 101408

Received Date: 2026-03-04

Keywords:

Abstract: Ultrasound technology is evolving from a traditional diagnostic tool into the “blade of sound waves”of precision medicine. This article briefly reviews the physical foundations and clinical applications of ultrasound therapy, which utilizes focusing techniques to concentrate acoustic energy at precise locations measuring just a few millimeters in size, enabling non-invasive treatment. Its mechanism is primarily based on thermal and mechanical effects: the former convert absorbed acoustic energy into heat within tissues, leading to protein denaturation and coagulative necrosis of cells; the latter generate physical actions such as microjets and shock waves through acoustic radiation force, cavitation effects, and other phenomena to disrupt pathological tissues. Currently, high-intensity focused ultrasound thermal ablation has achieved widespread clinical application, while emerging developments such as histotripsy, neuromodulation, and tumor immunotherapy are promising future applications. Through the integration of acoustic engineering, materials science, and artificial intelligence technologies, ultrasound therapy is poised to break through the limitations of traditional treatment modalities and bring revolutionary breakthroughs to precision medicine.

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声波之刃——超声治疗原理与应用

通讯作者: 苏畅，email:suchang@mail.ioa.ac.cn;

The blade of sound waves：principles and applications of ultrasound therapy

Corresponding author: SU Chang, suchang@mail.ioa.ac.cn ;

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声波之刃——超声治疗原理与应用

通讯作者: 苏畅，email:suchang@mail.ioa.ac.cn;

English Abstract

The blade of sound waves：principles and applications of ultrasound therapy

Corresponding author: SU Chang, suchang@mail.ioa.ac.cn ;

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