独特的氢负离子——氢负离子导体的研发与原型电池的突破

崔继荣; 陈萍

doi:10.7693/wl20260703

物理

独特的氢负离子——氢负离子导体的研发与原型电池的突破

崔继荣, 陈萍. 2026: 独特的氢负离子——氢负离子导体的研发与原型电池的突破, 物理, 55(7): 467-473. doi: 10.7693/wl20260703

引用本文:

崔继荣, 陈萍. 2026: 独特的氢负离子——氢负离子导体的研发与原型电池的突破, 物理, 55(7): 467-473. doi: 10.7693/wl20260703

CUI Ji-Rong, CHEN Ping. 2026: Unique hydride ions：hydride-ion conductors lead to a breakthrough in prototype batteries, Physics, 55(7): 467-473. doi: 10.7693/wl20260703

Citation:

CUI Ji-Rong, CHEN Ping. 2026: Unique hydride ions：hydride-ion conductors lead to a breakthrough in prototype batteries, Physics, 55(7): 467-473. doi: 10.7693/wl20260703

独特的氢负离子——氢负离子导体的研发与原型电池的突破

崔继荣,
陈萍^,

中国科学院大连化学物理研究所大连 116023

通讯作者: 陈萍，email:pchen@dicp.ac.cn

Unique hydride ions：hydride-ion conductors lead to a breakthrough in prototype batteries

CUI Ji-Rong,
CHEN Ping^,

Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China

Corresponding author: CHEN Ping, pchen@dicp.ac.cn

摘要: 氢负离子(H^-)作为一种极化率高、还原性强的阴离子，为构建无枝晶、高能量密度的固态电池提供了全新思路。然而，长期以来，在室温下找到一种既能高效传导氢负离子、又能有效阻止电子通过的固态电解质，一直是该领域的核心难题。该问题在2025年迎来突破，一种核壳结构的复合材料被设计出来：其内部核心负责快速传输氢负离子，外部壳层则阻挡电子，从而实现了离子与电子的选择性输运。基于这种新材料，全球首例可在室温下可逆充放电的全固态氢负离子原型电池得以成功制造。文章将从研究背景、设计思路、微观机制、器件性能及未来展望等多个维度介绍这一工作，并探讨其对固态离子学和电化学储能领域的重要意义。
- 氢负离子导体 /
- 全固态电池 /
- 核壳结构 /
- 稀土氢化物 /
- 超离子传导
Abstract: The hydride ion (H^-), with its strong reducing power and large polarizable ionic radius, can fundamentally avoid the formation of metal dendrites, offering a brand-new route toward safer and higher energy-density solid-state batteries. However, for a long time, finding a solid-state electrolyte that can efficiently conduct hydride ions while effectively blocking electrons at room temperature has been a core challenge. A breakthrough was achieved in 2025, when a core-shell composite material was designed: its inner core facilitates rapid transport of hydride ions, while the outer shell blocks electrons, thereby enabling selective transport of ions over electrons. Based on this new material, the world’s first all-solid-state hydride-ion prototype battery capable of reversible charge/discharge at room temperature was successfully fabricated. This work is discussed from multiple perspectives, including research background, design strategy, microscopic mechanisms, device performance, and future outlook; Its significance for the fields of solid-state ionics and electrochemical energy storage is also appraised.
- hydride-ion conductor /
- all-solid-state battery /
- core-shell structure /
- rare-earth hydride /
- superionic conduction .

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独特的氢负离子——氢负离子导体的研发与原型电池的突破

崔继荣,
陈萍^,

通讯作者: 陈萍，email:pchen@dicp.ac.cn

中国科学院大连化学物理研究所大连 116023

收稿日期: 2026-04-22

关键词:

摘要: 氢负离子(H^-)作为一种极化率高、还原性强的阴离子，为构建无枝晶、高能量密度的固态电池提供了全新思路。然而，长期以来，在室温下找到一种既能高效传导氢负离子、又能有效阻止电子通过的固态电解质，一直是该领域的核心难题。该问题在2025年迎来突破，一种核壳结构的复合材料被设计出来：其内部核心负责快速传输氢负离子，外部壳层则阻挡电子，从而实现了离子与电子的选择性输运。基于这种新材料，全球首例可在室温下可逆充放电的全固态氢负离子原型电池得以成功制造。文章将从研究背景、设计思路、微观机制、器件性能及未来展望等多个维度介绍这一工作，并探讨其对固态离子学和电化学储能领域的重要意义。

English Abstract

Unique hydride ions：hydride-ion conductors lead to a breakthrough in prototype batteries

CUI Ji-Rong,
CHEN Ping^,

Corresponding author: CHEN Ping, pchen@dicp.ac.cn

中国科学院大连化学物理研究所大连 116023

Received Date: 2026-04-22

Keywords:

Abstract: The hydride ion (H^-), with its strong reducing power and large polarizable ionic radius, can fundamentally avoid the formation of metal dendrites, offering a brand-new route toward safer and higher energy-density solid-state batteries. However, for a long time, finding a solid-state electrolyte that can efficiently conduct hydride ions while effectively blocking electrons at room temperature has been a core challenge. A breakthrough was achieved in 2025, when a core-shell composite material was designed: its inner core facilitates rapid transport of hydride ions, while the outer shell blocks electrons, thereby enabling selective transport of ions over electrons. Based on this new material, the world’s first all-solid-state hydride-ion prototype battery capable of reversible charge/discharge at room temperature was successfully fabricated. This work is discussed from multiple perspectives, including research background, design strategy, microscopic mechanisms, device performance, and future outlook; Its significance for the fields of solid-state ionics and electrochemical energy storage is also appraised.

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独特的氢负离子——氢负离子导体的研发与原型电池的突破

通讯作者: 陈萍，email:pchen@dicp.ac.cn

Unique hydride ions：hydride-ion conductors lead to a breakthrough in prototype batteries

Corresponding author: CHEN Ping, pchen@dicp.ac.cn

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独特的氢负离子——氢负离子导体的研发与原型电池的突破

通讯作者: 陈萍，email:pchen@dicp.ac.cn

English Abstract

Unique hydride ions：hydride-ion conductors lead to a breakthrough in prototype batteries

Corresponding author: CHEN Ping, pchen@dicp.ac.cn

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