实用化超导材料研究进展与展望
通讯作者:
马衍伟
- 中国科学院电工研究所 北京 100190
摘要: 超导技术是21世纪具有重大经济和战略意义的高新技术，在国民经济诸多领域具有广阔的应用前景，如在超导弱电应用中的超导量子干涉器、滤波器；在超导强电应用中的电缆、限流器、电机、储能系统、变压器、磁体技术、医疗核磁共振成像、高能物理实验和高速交通输运等。实用化超导材料是超导技术发展的基础。目前，国际上发现的实用化超导材料主要有低温超导线材、铋系高温超导带材、YBCO涂层导体、MgB2线带材以及新型铁基超导线带材。文章在简要介绍超导材料发展历程的基础上，重点综述了上述实用化超导材料制备及加工、性能和应用方面的最新研究进展，并对相关领域存在的问题及今后的发展作出展望。
Recent developments of practical superconducting materials
Corresponding author:
MA Yan-Wei
- 中国科学院电工研究所 北京 100190
Abstract: Superconductivity has broad and significant potential applications, not only in energy storage, high-speed railway transportation, high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and ultra-strong magnetic field generation, but also in potentially much larger markets for electric power equipment such as motors, generators, power transmission cables, transformers and fault-current limiters for the electric utility grid. Performance improvement in practical superconduct-ing materials is the foundation of application development. The overall picture of superconductor conductors is diverse and developing rapidly. Currently, practical superconducting materials com-prise mainly Nb-based low-temperature wires, bismuth-strontium-calcium copper oxide high-tem-perature superconducting tapes, yttrium barium copper oxide coated conductors, MgB2 wires, and new Fe-based tapes. A review is presented here of the fabrication issues, key properties and recent developments of these materials, with an assessment of the challenges and prospects for future ap-plications.
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