X射线衍射进展简介
The development of X-ray diffraction
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摘要: 100年前,劳厄等证明X射线对硫酸铜晶体具有衍射能力,揭开了X射线衍射分析晶体结构的序幕.100年的发展,X射线衍射已经成为自然科学乃至医学、考古、历史学等众多学科发展的必备技术.文章介绍了S射线衍射现象的发现历史,X射线运动学和动力学理论的发展概况,并举例说明了X射线衍射在粉末多晶体、单晶体和人工功能晶体以及人工薄膜材料中的具体应用情况,最后简要展望了X射线衍射技术的发展前景.
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关键词:
- x射线衍射 /
- X射线衍射运动学理论 /
- X射线衍射动力学理论
Abstract: One hundred years ago, Laue discovered the remarkable phenomenon of X-ray diffraction in a CuSO4 · 5H2O crystal, which gave rise to the new era of crystal structure determination based on X-ray diffraction. Over the past 100 years, this has played an important role in natural science, medicine, arche- ology, history and many other fields. This paper reviews the history of the discovery of X-ray diffraction, the fundamentals of kinematical and dynamical X-ray diffraction theory, as well as various specific applica- tions in the study of polycrystalline powders, single crystals, artificial functional crystals, and thin film materials. Future prospects for the development of X-ray diffraction technology are briefly mentioned. -
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