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两电极等离子体合成射流激励器工作特性研究
Exp erimental study on the characteristics of a two-electro de plasma synthetic jet actuator
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摘要: 采用放电测量和高速阴影技术对两电极等离子体合成射流激励器工作特性进行了系统实验研究。实验表明：激励器工作击穿电压和放电峰值电流随激励器所处环境压强的降低和放电频率的增大而减小，激励器腔体内的放电过程为火花电弧放电。典型的等离子体合成射流流场包含有一道前驱激波和一股呈蘑菇状的高速射流。在整个射流发展过程中，前驱激波以当地声速恒速传播，不随激励器条件的改变而变化，波的强度则随着激励器出口直径的减小、腔体体积的增大、环境压强的降低和放电频率的升高而减小。激励器腔体体积和放电频率的增加会降低腔内气体的加热效果，并减小射流速度。激励器出口直径和环境压强对射流速度的影响按规律变化且存在最佳值。本文实各验条件下激励器都产生了明显的前驱激波和高速射流，具有实现高速流场主动流动控制的应用潜能。Abstract: Performance of a two-electrode plasma synthetic jet actuator has been experimentally studied by discharge mea-surements with high-speed shadowgraphy technology. Results show that the breakdown voltage and the peak discharge current of the actuator may be decreased by decreasing the ambient pressure and increasing the discharge frequency. The discharge developed in the actuator cavity is a spark-arc discharge. In the actuator could be created a strong“precursor shock” and a high kinetic energy jet. During the development of the plasma synthetic jet, the speed of the “precursor shock” is invariable and the jet propagates with an approximately local sonic velocity (350 m/s). But with decreasing jet exit diameter and ambient pressure, the increase of the cavity volume and the discharge frequency could lead to decreasing strength of the “precursor shock”. Heating efficiency of the gas in the cavity will decrease with the increase of the cavity volume and discharge frequency, and the jet velocity is decreased as well. The jet exit diameter and the ambient pressure can have their optimal values for affecting the velocity of the jet. Under all the working conditions we have studied, the plasma actuator may create a strong “precursor shock” and a high-speed jet, and also may have the potential to be used in high-speed active flow control.
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