摘要:
电磁流体表面推进是在推进体周围的导电流体中(海水、等离子体等)激励出电磁体积力，并利用电磁体积力的反作用力达到推进的目的。本文基于电磁场和流体力学的基本控制方程，通过电磁场有限元方法探讨了电磁流体表面推进在回转体型艇身上的矢量控制效果，并分析了在两种不同的电磁力作用区域下航行器周围的场强的分布特征以及受力情况。结果表明：这种控制方式可以在不改变航行器攻角和推力方向的情况下通过调控电磁力的作用范围来实现航行器姿态调整，进而达到矢量推进与控制的目的；在航行器表面施加控制方式A的电磁力可以使航行器获得一个抬头力矩，而在控制方式B作用下航行器可以同时对俯仰力矩和偏航力矩进行调整。因此作为一种新兴的推进方式，电磁流体推进不仅具有高速高效、操作简单、高有效载荷等特点，而且矢量推进也成为电磁流体表面推进另外一个优势。
Abstract:
Realization of electromagnetic hydrodynamics (MHD) propulsion by surfaces needs an electromagnetic body force generated in a conductive fluid (such as seawater and plasma, etc.) around the navigation body. Furthermore, the reaction force against the electromagnetic body force could be used to propel. Based on the basic control equations of electromagnetic field and fluid mechanics, the vector control effect has been analyzed by virtue of field intensity and force distribution characteristic on the rotational navigation body, under two different force action areas. Results show that the navigation attitude adjustment could be realized by this control method without changing attacks and propulsion directions. An upward force moment could be achieved by the control model A. Accordingly, both of the pitching moment and yaw moment could be changed by the control model B. Thus, as a new way of propulsion, the MHD propulsion by surfaces offers several advantages, such as high speed, high efficiency, easy operation, high payload etc. Additionally, in this paper, the vector propulsion has been proved to be one of the remarkable advantages for MHD propulsion by surface.
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