一种基于4He气闪烁体的裂变中子探测器
- 西北核技术研究所辐射探测科学研究中心,西安,710024
摘要: 研制了一种新中子探测器，它以^235UO2裂变靶作为转换靶，^4He气体作为闪烁体．该探测器充分结合了^235U和^4He两种核素的特点，从而具有中子能量响应平坦、中子灵敏度较高、n/γ分辨本领高等优点，能很好地在混合脉冲裂变辐射场中测量中子．本文对探测器的原理和结构设计进行了介绍，计算了不同能量中子、γ射线在探测器中的能量沉积，并从理论和实验上对探测器的中子灵敏度、γ射线灵敏度、n/γ分辨本领和时间响应进行了研究．结果表明探测器的中子灵敏度约10^-15C·cm^2，γ灵敏度约10^-17C·cm^2，γ时间响应约33．1ns．
A fission neutron detector based on helium scintillator
- 西北核技术研究所辐射探测科学研究中心,西安,710024
Keywords:
- 中子探测器 /
- 4He闪烁体 /
- 裂变碎片 /
- 灵敏度
Abstract: A new neutron detector is designed. Two 235UO2 target foils are used as radiators, and the 4He gas is used as scintillator in the detector. The detector combines the features of 235U and 4He fully, so it has some excellent performances, such as fiat energy response to neutrons, better n/γ discrimination, etc. It can be used well to detect neutrons in a pulsed mixture radiation field. In this paper, the principle and structure of the detector are introduced. The energy depositions of different energies of neutrons and y-rays in 4He gas are calculated. The neutron sensitivity, y ray sensitivity, n/γ, discrimination, and time response of the detector are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The neutron sensitivity is about 10^-15 C.cm2, T ray sensitivity is about 10^-17 C.cm2, and time response is about 33.1 ns.
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