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具有形状记忆效应的新型智能阻尼材料及其热弹性力学性能研究
Research on the shape memory effect and thermalelasticity of a novel intellectual damping material
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摘要: 将传统金属橡胶制备工艺和形状记忆合金材料相结合，研制了一种新型智能阻尼材料——记忆合金金属橡胶，并对其成型工艺、形状记忆效应、热弹性力学性能及参数影响规律进行了试验研究．研究表明，作为一种特殊的金属橡胶，该材料不仅具备普通金属橡胶高阻尼、低密度、孔隙度可控等优点，同时具备普通金属橡胶所不具备的智能材料特征：1）良好的单程形状记忆效应，该材料在大载荷加载后的残余塑性变形可以在升温过程中完全恢复；2）弹性模量和损耗因子具有温变特性，在相变温度区间内弹性模量和损耗因子随温度近似线性变化．由于同时具备金属橡胶和形状记忆合金两大金属类功能材料的优点，形状记忆合金金属橡胶成为一种可应用于振动主动控制、集良好承载能力和阻尼特性于一身、具有结构功能一体化优势的新型智能阻尼材料．Abstract: In this paper, we introduce a novel intellectual damping material -- shape memory alloy metal rubber （SMAMR）, which is made from the shape memory alloy through the process similar to that for metal rubber. The shape craft, shape memory effect and mechanical properties are tested and discussed. The results show that the SMAMR has the combination properties of both shape memory alloy and metal rubber, such as high elasticity and damping capacity, low density, designable porosity, shape memory effect, and temperature dependent mechanical properties. The SMAMR not only has modulus and loss factor varying linearly with temperature during the phase transformation between Martensite and Austenite, which is quite available in the active control of vibration; but also has the modulus and loss factor large enough to be used as beating structure. So the SMAMR is a significant integration of both functional material and structural material, and is quite attractive in active vibration control.
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