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基于法拉第旋镜的干涉型光纤传感系统偏振相位噪声特性研究
Investigation of polarization-induced phase noise in interferometric optical fiber sensing system based on FRM
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摘要: 偏振诱导信号衰落现象的抑制是干涉型光纤传感系统的关键技术之一.针对法拉第旋镜（FRM）法抑制偏振诱导信号衰落技术的残留偏振相位噪声问题进行了深入的理论和实验研究.运用琼斯矩阵法建立了基于法拉第旋镜的干涉型光纤传感系统偏振相位噪声的理论模型;分析了影响系统偏振相位噪声的主要原因：法拉第旋镜的旋光角度偏差、入射光偏振态调制度、干涉仪两臂光纤双折射;提出了相应的抑制偏振相位噪声的方法.详细仿真分析了入射光偏振态调制度对干涉型光纤传感系统偏振相位噪声的影响,仿真分析得出若法拉第旋镜旋光角度偏差为最大工艺制造误差1°,当入射光偏振态调制度为1.84 rad时,系统可能出现的最大偏振相位噪声为0.0815 rad.最后,搭建了基于M-Z型偏振态调制器的偏振相位噪声测试系统,测试了在传输光纤受到外界偏振扰动的情况下,干涉传感系统存在的偏振相位噪声,实验测试结果与理论分析结果基本一致,有力地证明了该偏振相位噪声理论分析模型的正确性.Abstract: One of the key technologies of interferometric optical fiber sensing system is to overcome polarization-induced signal fading in interferometric fiber sensors.The theoretical and the experimental investigations of the residual polarization-induced phase noise （PIN） in single-mode optical fiber Michelson interferometer based on Faraday rotation mirror（FRM） are conducted in this paper.A theoretical model of the residual PIN based on Jones matrix is developed.Three leading influencing factors of the residual PIN are educed：the rotation deviation angle of FRM,the state of polarization of input light,and the birefrigent effect of the optical fiber.And three methods are proposed to overcome the residual PIN.The maximal PIN with its amplitude of 0.0815 rad possibly exists in the sensing system when the polarization modulation degree equals 1.84 rad.The correctness of the theoretical model is proved by the experimental results.
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