摘要:
提出并研制成功了基于渡越时间效应、并开耦合孔锁定的长脉冲、重复频率运行的相对论扩展互作用腔振荡器(relativistic extended interaction cavity oscillator,REICO).将理论分析、数值模拟和实验研究紧密结合,分析了长脉冲REICO实验中模式竞争和脉冲缩短的根源,提出了开耦合孔的三间隙扩展互作用腔结构,有效抑制了长脉冲束流调制的模式竞争和脉冲缩短问题,使调制束流脉宽由60 ns提高到140 ns,调制电流幅度由2 kA提高到5 kA,通过优化REICO参数,使器件的辐射微波功率和效率有了明显提高.采用580 kV/4.8 kA/210 ns/20 Hz的电子束驱动S波段REICO,实现了峰值功率大于400 MW、频率2.89 GHz、脉宽大于160 ns、重复频率20 Hz的辐射微波稳定输出,功率效率27%,能量效率23%.同时,初步开展了注入微波锁定的REICO研究,也获得了功率大于400MW、脉宽大于100 ns的微波辐射.
Abstract:
The mechanism of modulation and rf extraction of an S-band on an injection locked,long pulse,relativistic extended interaction cavity oscillator(REICO)is studied in this paper by experiment,theory,and simulation.The origin of pulse shortening and mode competition of the REICO driven by the long pulse intense relativistic electron beams(IREBs)is explored.The modified structure of REICO with coupler is proposed for the first time,which suppresses the pulse shortening and mode competition remarkably.The pulse width of the modulated IREB is increased from 60 ns to 140 ns,and the magnitude of the modulated IREB is increased from 2 kA to 5 kA.The microwave radiation power and efficiency are promoted obviously after adjusting the parameters of the IREB and the leading magnetic field.Using a 580 kV,4.8 kA,210 ns electron beam with 1.1 T leading magnetic field,more than 400MW radiated power was extracted in 160 ns FWHM pulses at 2.89 GHz.The power efficiency is 27%,and the energy efficiency is 23%.The radiated power is 400 MW and the FWHM pulse is 184 ns when pulse repetition frequency of IREBs is 20 Hz.The experimental results are well consistent with the simulations.The injection locked REICO generates high power microwave of power 400 MW with pulse width 100 ns.
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