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Si-Qi Zhang(张思琪), Jun Zhang(张军), Xin-Yu Hao(郝欣宇), Jing Guo(郭静), Aihua Liu(刘爱华), and Xue-Shen Liu(刘学深). 2024: Photoelectron momentum distributions of triatomic CO2 molecules by circularly polarized attosecond pulses, Chinese Physics B, 33(10): 103301. doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad6b81
Citation: Si-Qi Zhang(张思琪), Jun Zhang(张军), Xin-Yu Hao(郝欣宇), Jing Guo(郭静), Aihua Liu(刘爱华), and Xue-Shen Liu(刘学深). 2024: Photoelectron momentum distributions of triatomic CO2 molecules by circularly polarized attosecond pulses, Chinese Physics B, 33(10): 103301. doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad6b81
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Photoelectron momentum distributions of triatomic CO2 molecules by circularly polarized attosecond pulses

  • 1 Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;

  • 2 School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

  • Received Date: 18/04/2024
    Accepted Date: 16/07/2024
  • Fund Project:

    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11974007, 12074146, 12074142, 61575077, 12374265, 11947243, 91850114, and 11774131) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province of China (Grant No. 20220101016JC).

  • Molecular-frame photoelectron momentum distributions (MF-PMDs) have been studied for imaging molecular structures. We investigate the MF-PMDs of CO$_{2}$ molecules exposed to circularly polarized (CP) attosecond laser pulses by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equations based on the single-active-electron approximation frames. Results show that high-frequency photons lead to photoelectron diffraction patterns, indicating molecular orbitals. These diffraction patterns can be illustrated by the ultrafast photoionization models. However, for the driving pulses with 30 nm, a deviation between MF-PMDs and theoretically predicted results of the ultrafast photoionization models is produced because the Coulomb effect strongly influences the molecular photoionization. Meanwhile, the MF-PMDs rotate in the same direction as the helicity of driving laser pulses. Our results also demonstrate that the MF-PMDs in a CP laser pulse are the superposition of those in the parallel and perpendicular linearly polarized cases. The simulations efficiently visualize molecular orbital geometries and structures by ultrafast photoelectron imaging. Furthermore, we determine the contribution of HOMO and HOMO-1 orbitals to ionization by varying the relative phase and the ratio of these two orbitals.
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Photoelectron momentum distributions of triatomic CO2 molecules by circularly polarized attosecond pulses

  • Received Date: 18/04/2024
  • Accepted Date: 16/07/2024
Fund Project: 

Abstract: Molecular-frame photoelectron momentum distributions (MF-PMDs) have been studied for imaging molecular structures. We investigate the MF-PMDs of CO$_{2}$ molecules exposed to circularly polarized (CP) attosecond laser pulses by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equations based on the single-active-electron approximation frames. Results show that high-frequency photons lead to photoelectron diffraction patterns, indicating molecular orbitals. These diffraction patterns can be illustrated by the ultrafast photoionization models. However, for the driving pulses with 30 nm, a deviation between MF-PMDs and theoretically predicted results of the ultrafast photoionization models is produced because the Coulomb effect strongly influences the molecular photoionization. Meanwhile, the MF-PMDs rotate in the same direction as the helicity of driving laser pulses. Our results also demonstrate that the MF-PMDs in a CP laser pulse are the superposition of those in the parallel and perpendicular linearly polarized cases. The simulations efficiently visualize molecular orbital geometries and structures by ultrafast photoelectron imaging. Furthermore, we determine the contribution of HOMO and HOMO-1 orbitals to ionization by varying the relative phase and the ratio of these two orbitals.

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