Keywords: 
• 乏氧 /
• 线粒体 /
• 肿瘤 /
• 辐射抗性

Abstract: The hypoxia environment on the cells and mitochondria, and the damage of normal cells mitochondrial respiratory chain in hypoxia and its relationship with tumors are reviewed. In addition, the tumor radiation resistance mechanism in hypoxia are summarized. It also expounds that mitochondria, as energy supply organelles for cells, are related to tumor cells growth, invasion and metastasis in hypoxia environment, besides, it gives a brief introduction to the mitochondria study of the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences with heavy ion irradiation, including effects of different dose of heavy ion on mitochondrial DNA superhelix conformation and function of mitochondria, and the influence on mitochondrial DNA 4 977 damage cumulation in different time after the same dose of heavy ion irradiation.